Melatonin is an amine hormone produced primarily by the pineal gland of mammals and humans. The pineal gland is a bean-sized tissue attached to the posterior wall of the third ventricle. It has also been reported that the retina and accessory lacrimal glands of mammals can also produce a small amount of melatonin; Melatonin can also be synthesized in the eyes, brains, and skin of some poikilotherms, such as frogs, and some algae. The molecular formula of melatonin is C13N2H16O2, the molecular weight is 232.27, the melting point is 116℃ ~ 118℃, and the chemical name is N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine. Also known as melatonine, aprotinin, or pineal hormone, the molecular formula is N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is present in a variety of organisms from algae to humans, the levels of it in organisms vary with the time of day.

Melatonin is a hormone that your brain produces in response to darkness. It helps with the timing of your circadian rhythms (24-hour internal clock) and with sleep. Being exposed to light at night can block melatonin production.Melatonin is a hormone in your body that plays a role in sleep. The production and release of melatonin in the brain is connected to time of day, increasing when it’s dark and decreasing when it’s light. Melatonin production declines with age.

Melatonin is a common dietary supplement that has gained widespread popularity around the globe.Though renowned as a natural sleep aid, it also has powerful effects on other aspects of your health.

What are the side effects of melatonin ?

  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Drowsiness

Other, less common melatonin side effects might include short-lasting feelings of depression, mild tremor, mild anxiety, abdominal cramps, irritability, reduced alertness, confusion or disorientation, and abnormally low blood pressure (hypotension). Because melatonin can cause daytime drowsiness, don’t drive or use machinery within five hours of taking the supplement.

Melatonin can improve sleep, shorten the time to wake up and fall asleep before going to bed, and improve sleep quality. The number of awakenings during sleep is significantly reduced, the light sleep phase is short, the deep sleep phase is prolonged, and the wake-up threshold the next morning decreases. There is a strong function of adjusting jet lag. Mainly used in whitening and moisturizing cosmetics, but also in hair growth products. Extensive research on the biological functions of melatonin at home and abroad, especially as a dietary supplement, has shown that it has many physiological functions such as promoting sleep, regulating jet lag, anti-aging, regulating immunity, and anti-tumor. The health function of melatonin at home and abroad involves regulating endocrine (inhibition of ovulation), protecting against encephalitis virus infection, reducing its mortality after infection, AIDS treatment and cardiovascular protection, etc.

User’s guidance:

Can patients with vitiligo eat melatonin

Patients with vitiligo can take melatonin as a health product. Melatonin can improve human immunity, but you must be cautious when using melatonin. The human body’s daily demand for melatonin is only a few tenths of a milligram. If overdose, it will have certain side effects.

The secretion of melatonin begins to decrease after middle-aged people, and the amount of melatonin secretion is negligible in old age. Ingesting and supplementing enough melatonin as soon as possible can improve the function of the endocrine system, improve immunity, improve anti-stress, and help prevent the onset of vitiligo.

Since melatonin has a certain antioxidant effect, overdose will have a certain effect on the production of melanin, so you must pay attention to the degree of control, and it is best to consult a doctor.

Precautions when taking melatonin

  1. Scrictly follow the group, dosage and time specified on the product label.
  2. Melatonin is a kind of health food. Whether it is imported raw materials from domestic or foreign countries, as long as the quality standard is qualified, it is a qualified product, and its effect is the same.
  3. Do not take aspirin at the same time when taking melatonin.
  4. It is best not to smoke when taking melatonin, because smoking can destroy melatonin. At the same time, you can’t drink a lot of alcohol.

Not suitable for the crowd

Melatonin does have a good effect on improving sleep and immune regulation, but it is not suitable for everyone, and it is counterproductive to take it improperly. The following people should take melatonin carefully.

  1. Minor
  2. Women during pregnancy
  3. Patients with heart and brain diseases
  4. Patients with liver and kidney dysfunction
  5. Alcohol allergy

Is melatonin safe for children?

In addition to issues mentioned above, there are some things to consider regarding melatonin’s safety in children.

Melatonin supplements appear to be safe for most children for short-term use, but there aren’t many studies on children and melatonin. Also, there’s little information on the long-term effects of melatonin use in children. Because melatonin is a hormone, it’s possible that melatonin supplements could affect hormonal development, including puberty, menstrual cycles, and overproduction of the hormone prolactin, but we don’t know for sure.

Possible melatonin supplement side effects reported in children have usually been mild and have included:

  • Drowsiness
  • Increased bedwetting or urination in the evening
  • Headache
  • Dizziness

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